dis-，它主要有两层含义，第一，表示“not, do the opposite of”, 否定的，相反的，通常翻译为不怎样或者没有什么；第二层含义是“apart， away”，表示分开，分离。

用法一. dis-如何与不同首字母的词根相结合。

1.discern [dis- = apart 开; cern = to separate 分=> " to separate one apart from the others 将一物与它物分开"→]

vt. distinq uish; recognize 辨别;认出

如:Through the fog I could just discern a car towards me. 在农雾中，我们只能辨别出是一辆小汽车朝我开来。

2.dispense [dis- = apart 分开;如ns = to pay 付出; -e=> " to pay apart分别付出"→]

vt. give out; distribute 分収;分配

如:The Red Cross dispensed food and clothing to the victims. 红十字会向难民分发衣物、食品。

3.disrupt [dis- = apart 开; rupt == to break 破"to break apart 破 裂" ]

vt. 分裂;瓦解

如:The enemy tried to disrupt our coutry but failed in the edn. 敌人相分裂我们的国家但最后失败了。

4.dissuade [dis=apart 离; suade == to urge 力劝 →"to urge sb.apart 力劝某人离开"]

vt. persuade notωdo sth. 劝止，劝 阻

如:The father finally dissuaded his son from leaving school. 父亲终止儿子的中途辍学的想法。

5.distract [dis- =apart 开; tract == to draw 牵引→]

vt. draw apart (the mind or attention) 引开(心思) ，分散(注意力) ， 使分心

如:Noise distracts my attention from studying. 吵闹声使我无法专心学习。

用法二. dif- 和di-能与何种首字母的词根相缀合。

1. differ [dif- (dis-) == apart 开; fer == to carry 拿→"to carry apart from each other 拿开;互相分离"→]

v. be unlike; disagree 不同 ，相异

如:My answer to the arithmatic problem differs from hers. 我得出的这道算术题的答案和她的不一样。

2.diffuse [dif- (dis-) = apart 开; fus = to pour 倾倒; -e →"to pour apart in every direction 向四面八方洒开"→ ]

vt. scatter widely 使散开，使扩散

如:The sun diffuses light and heat. 太阳散发出光和热。

3.dilate [di- (dis-) = apart 开; lat - to widen 加宽; "to widen apart 加宽开来"→]

vt . expand; enlarge 膨胀;扩大

如:When you take a deep breath,you dilate your nostrils. 当你深呼吸时，鼻孔就扩张了。

4.divert [di- (dis-) = apart 开; vert = to turn 转→"to turn apart 转 开"→]

vt. turn aside 转向，转移

如:The king dimidiated the land between his two sons. 国王把国土平分给两个儿子。

5.divide [di- (dis-) = apart 开; vid == to separate 分; -e=>"to separate apart 分割开"→]

vt. separate into parts 分，划分

如:A brook divides the field. 一条河把田野分成两部分。