v. 收集（collect的现在分词）；收到；收藏；聚积

collect，assemble，congregate，gather

【解说】

这组词都有“收集”“聚集”“收捡”的意思。它们的区别在于1.collect指为了某一目的，用心地收捡，并加以仔细整理。例如He hung up the map on the wall and collected political cadres and teachers to address them.他把那张地图挂在墙上，召集政治干部和政治教员来给他们讲话。2.gather是收集的最普通用语，指自发地集中在一起或把分散的东西收拢起来，或从不同的方向聚集到一起，胡子眉毛一把抓地堆集，还可指将抽象事物归拢。例如He travels about the world gathering facts about the little-known disease.他走遍世界，收集鲜为人知的疾病资料。The hosts are gathered in the adjoining lounge.许多人聚集在隔壁的休息室里。More and more water was gathering in the swamp.沼泽地里的水越积越多。3.assemble更强调收集的目的，把人或物密集地聚在一起。例如He called us all together，and told the assembled company that the exams had been cancelled.他把我们召集到一起，告诉大家考试已经取消。The members assembled in the meeting room.成员们都聚集在会议室。Assemble your papers and put them in the file.把你的文件归拢好放在这个文件夹内。4.congregate是自发地、出自本能地或随意地、散乱地聚集在一起，多用于人或动物。例如A crowd congregated around the orator.一群人聚集在演说者的周围。The crowd congregated in the town square to hear the President speak.人群聚集到市镇广场上来听总统讲话。Cattle congregate during a storm.在暴风雨中，牲口聚集在一起。collect，choose，elect，pick，select，single

【解说】

这组词都指从若干事物或人中间“挑选出”适合要求、满足需要的事物或人。它们的区别在于1.pick可用于表示无需特别仔细的挑选、辨别的某种情况。例如My wife is going with me to help me pick out a new suit.我妻子和我一起去以帮我挑选一件新西装。2.collect指有计划、有选择地“精选”。例如I like collecting stamps very much，and I've also collected many foreign stamps.我非常喜欢集邮，我还收集了许多外国邮票。3.choose指判断和进行实际挑选，该词强调做决定过程中所下的决心，侧重于意志或判断。例如It is highly important for us to choose and train successors.对我们来说，挑选和培养接班人是十分重要的。The students chose him as their monitor because they liked him.学生们选他做班长，因为他们喜欢他。The greedy boy chose the largest apple in the dish.那贪心的孩子从盘中挑了一个最大的苹果。You may choose from them the one you like best.你可从它们中间选出你最喜欢的一个。They chose her a secretary.他们选择她做秘书。He was chosen our team leader.他被选为我们的队长。4.select强调在进行认真的考虑后，从很多的人或物中精选出最好的、最中意的。这是书面用语，有时具有庄严、正式的感情色彩。例如They selected a diamond engagement ring.他们挑选了一枚钻石订婚戒指。Why didn't you select a nice subject?你为什么没选一个好题目?Select the book