n. 手（hand的名词复数）；人手；（工具等的）把；帮助

at hand，by hand，in hand，on hand，to hand

【解说】这组短语意思并不相同。它们的区别在于1.by hand表示“用手”“亲自”。例如Are your socks knitted by hand or machine-made?你的袜子是手工织的还是机器织的?2.to hand为商业信札里的用语，表示“(信)已收到”。例如Yours to hand.来函收悉。Your letter is to hand.来函收悉。3.in hand多用于引申义，可表示“(局势)在控制中”“(工作)在进行中”，也可表示“(钱、物、时间)在手中”，即可供使用。例如The situation is now in hand.局势现在控制住了。The printers say that Tom's book is now in hand and will be ready by the beginning of next month.印刷厂说，汤姆的书目前正在印刷，下月初可以印完。4.at hand可用于空间指“在手边”“在附近”，也可用于时间指“即将来临”，多与系动词be的一般时态连用。例如I couldn't look up the spelling of the word，as I hadn't a dictionary at hand.我没法查这个词的拼写，因为我手边没有词典。He lives close at hand.他住在近处。The great day is at hand.这个伟大的日子就要到来。5.on hand可用于空间指“在手边”“在附近”，也可用于时间指“即将来临”，须用于将来时，on hand可引申表示“出席”“在场”。例如I always like to keep a certain amount of money on hand，in case of an emergency.我总喜欢手边留一定量的钱，以备不时之需。at sb's hands，in sb's hands，on sb's hands

【解说】这组短语含义并不相同。它们的区别在于1.at sb's hands表示“受折磨”。例如The captive suffered much harsh treatment at his jailers hands.那个犯人受到狱卒许多残酷的折磨。I did not expect such unkind treatment at your hands.我没料到你会如此无情。2.in sb's hands表示“在某人手中”“由某人处理”。例如The documents are in my solicitor's hands.文件由我的律师保管。The matter is in your hands.这事要由你决定。As regards the next move，I am in your hands entirely.关于下一步我完全听你的。3.on sb's hands表示“由某人负责”。例如I have an empty house on my hands.有一所空房子要我照管。I don't know how Mrs.Jones manages with three growing children and an invalid husband on her hands.琼斯夫人有三个未成年的孩子和一个残废的丈夫要照看，我不知道她怎么应付得了。with a heavy hand，with a high hand，with a strong hand

【解说】这组短语的意思并不相同。它们的区别在于with a high hand的意思是“专横的”；with a strong hand的意思是“用高压手段”；with a heavy hand的意思是“滥用一气”。例如Well，I don't like him；he deals with everything with a high hand.是嘛，我不喜欢他，他做起事来总是专横。These bosses used to put the strike down with a strong hand.这些老板以往总是用高压手段来压制罢工。We are very short of water，so don't use it w