新闻原文：

据国家发展改革委网站1月18日消息，为贯彻落实党的二十大精神和党中央、国务院决策部署，加快推进高校学生宿舍建设，增加高校学生宿舍供给，提升宿舍环境，丰富宿舍功能，更好满足高校学生在校学习生活需要，近日，国家发展改革委、教育部、财政部等7部门联合印发《关于加强高校学生宿舍建设的指导意见》。

此前，已有多所高校曝出学生宿舍吃紧。对此，上述指导意见明确提出，引导高校健全基本办学条件与发展规模相适应的长效机制，推动高校招生计划安排与宿舍面积达标挂钩，将高校学生宿舍达标情况作为招生计划安排的重要参考因素。对学生宿舍面积总量缺口大、学生反映强烈的高校，原则上不得新增安排招生指标，问题突出的要压缩招生指标。

在扩大学生宿舍资源方面，指导意见提出，一是新建一批学生宿舍。支持宿舍面积缺口大、具备新建条件的高校，参照《普通高等学校建筑面积指标》（建标191-2018）新建一批学生宿舍。鼓励新建宿舍参照本科生四人间、硕士研究生两人间、博士研究生单人间的标准规划建设。对于建设标准低、设施陈旧、土地利用率低的现有宿舍，应区分保护价值，按照“应保尽保”的原则，优化“拆旧建新”和“拆旧修旧”相关政策和程序，支持符合条件的高校学生宿舍拆除后原址新建。在符合国土空间规划的前提下，鼓励适当提高高校建筑容积率，提高土地节约集约利用水平；

二是改造提升存量宿舍资源。在确保安全、保护历史文化遗产和处理好相邻关系的前提下，支持高校优化现有校区空间结构，对现有宿舍实施更新改造，适当增加建筑规模。鼓励对老旧学生宿舍进行装配化改造提升，提高改造翻新和二次提升效率，提升消防安全能力。引导地方政府优化利用闲置资源，为高校学生宿舍“拆旧建新”、改造翻新提供周转住房。指导资源缺口大且新建难度较大的高校，对校内招待所、培训中心等具备住宿功能的用房进行改造利用。鼓励高校通过购买、租赁学校周边的人才公寓、商住楼等社会用房，补充宿舍资源，并按照校内同等标准，加强配套服务管理。严格按照相关法律法规和工程建设强制性标准加强存量用房安全鉴定、改造设计和施工等环节的管理，确保工程质量。

指导意见还明确，教育部会同国家发展改革委、财政部等部门建立具体工作协调机制，统筹推进高校学生宿舍建设，要求各地抓紧制定本地区高校学生宿舍建设方案，确保各项任务落到实处，见到实效。

据媒体此前报道，近年来，多所高校在硕士研究生招生简章中明确，不为部分研究生提供住宿。其中，部分高校明确不为全日制专业学位硕士生提供住宿。例如，北京大学2024年硕士研究生招生简章（校本部）明确，专业学位研究生学校不安排住宿。南京大学明确，2024级专业学位硕士研究生原则上学校不提供校内住宿，学生需自行安排住宿，学校给予全日制专业学位硕士研究生适当的交通补贴。也有部分高校对全日制硕士生实行自愿申请制。湖南大学2024年硕士研究生招生简章明确，全日制硕士研究生住宿实行自愿申请制，学校根据现有的宿舍资源，在一定范围内提供房源给新生选择。

有学生表示，考虑到自身经济能力，现在院校的是否提供住宿已经成为其报考研究生时必须衡量的因素之一。

也有专家学者认为，从国外高校的经验来看，国内各大高校不再给全体研究生统一安排宿舍，是未来的趋势。

对此，中青评论文章指出，在中国特色的高等教育制度下，公办高校要坚持公益属性，这些知名高校有责任积极回应公众的期待，为学生提供住宿服务仍有必要。在该文看来，即便在短期内校内宿舍“周转不灵”，只能让学生住到校外，高校也不能“撒手不管”，而要做好衔接，为学生寻找住宿资源提供帮助，尽可能安排平价的校外住宿资源。近年来，不少高校都在兴建新校区或改建旧校区，随着校区扩建与住宿资源的丰富，学生宿舍紧张局面并非无解的难题。

英文译文：

According to the website of the National Development and Reform Commission on January 18th, in order to implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the decisions and deployments of the Party central Committee and the state Council, accelerate the construction of college student dormitories, increase the supply of college student dormitories, improve the dormitory environment, enrich the functions of dormitories, and better meet the learning and living needs of college students, the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Education The Ministry of Finance and seven other departments jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the construction of College Student Dormitories.

Previously, several universities have reported that student dormitories are tight. In this regard, the above guidance clearly proposes to guide universities to establish a long-term mechanism that is suitable for the basic educational conditions and development scale, promote the linkage between university enrollment plans and dormitory area standards, and use the compliance of university student dormitories as an important reference factor for enrollment plan arrangements. For universities with a large gap in the total area of student dormitories and strong student feedback, it is generally not allowed to add enrollment quotas. For those with prominent problems, enrollment quotas should be compressed.

In terms of expanding the resources of student dormitories, the guidance proposes the construction of a new batch of student dormitories. support universities with a large gap in dormitory area and the conditions for new construction, and refer to the "Building Area Indicators for ordinary Higher Education Institutions" (Building standard 191-2018) to build a batch of student dormitories. encourage new dormitories to be planned and constructed according to the standards of undergraduate four bedroom, master's two bedroom, and doctoral single bedroom. For existing dormitories with low construction standards, outdated facilities, and low land utilization, the protection value should be distinguished. according to the principle of "protecting as much as possible", policies and procedures related to "demolishing old and building new" and "demolishing old and repairing old" should be optimized, and support the construction of new dormitories on the original site after the demolition of eligible university student dormitories. Under the premise of complying with national spatial planning, encourage the appropriate increase in the floor area ratio of university buildings and improve the level of land conservation and intensive utilization;

The second is to transform and enhance the existing dormitory resources. On the premise of ensuring safety, protecting historical and cultural heritage, and managing adjacent relationships, we support universities in optimizing the spatial structure of existing campuses, implementing updates and renovations to existing dormitories, and appropriately increasing the scale of buildings. Encourage the assembly renovation and upgrading of old student dormitories, improve the efficiency of renovation and secondary improvement, and enhance fire safety capabilities. Guide local governments to optimize the utilization of idle resources and provide revolving housing for the demolition, renovation, and renovation of college student dormitories. Guide universities with large resource gaps and high difficulty in building new ones to renovate and utilize accommodation facilities such as on campus guesthouses and training centers. Encourage universities to supplement dormitory resources by purchasing and renting talent apartments, commercial and residential buildings, and other social buildings around the school, and strengthen supporting service management according to the same standards on campus. Strictly follow relevant laws, regulations, and mandatory standards for engineering construction to strengthen the management of safety appraisal, renovation design, and construction of existing buildings, ensuring project quality.

The guidance also clarifies that the Ministry of Education, in conjunction with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and other departments, will establish a specific work coordination mechanism to coordinate and promote the construction of student dormitories in universities. It requires all regions to quickly formulate plans for the construction of student dormitories in universities in their respective regions, ensuring that all tasks are implemented and effective.

According to previous media reports, in recent years, many universities have explicitly stated in their master's student enrollment brochures that they do not provide accommodation for some graduate students. Some universities explicitly do not provide accommodation for full-time professional master's degree students. For example, the 2024 admission brochure for master's degree students at Peking University (main campus) clearly states that professional degree graduate schools do not arrange accommodation. Nanjing University has made it clear that in principle, 2024 professional master's degree students will not be provided with on campus accommodation. Students are required to arrange their own accommodation, and the university will provide appropriate transportation subsidies to full-time professional master's degree students. Some universities also implement a voluntary application system for full-time master's students. The 2024 admission brochure for master's degree students at Hunan University clearly states that full-time master's degree students will implement a voluntary application system for accommodation, and the university will provide housing options for new students within a certain range based on existing dormitory resources.

Some students have expressed that, considering their own financial ability, the provision of accommodation by universities has become one of the factors that they must measure when applying for graduate studies.

Some experts and scholars also believe that, based on the experience of foreign universities, it is a future trend for major domestic universities to no longer uniformly arrange dormitories for all graduate students.

In response to this, the China Youth review article points out that under the higher education system with Chinese characteristics, public universities should adhere to their public welfare attributes. These well-known universities have a responsibility to actively respond to public expectations and provide accommodation services for students, which is still necessary. In the article, even if the turnover of on campus dormitories is not flexible in the short term and students can only live outside the campus, universities cannot "let go". Instead, they should make good connections and provide assistance for students to find accommodation resources, and arrange affordable off campus accommodation resources as much as possible. In recent years, many universities have been constructing new campuses or renovating old ones. With the expansion of campuses and the abundance of accommodation resources, the tense situation of student dormitories is not an unsolvable problem.

重点词汇：

党中央 the Party central Committee ; the central leading body of the Party

学生宿舍 students' hostel ; dormitory ; Residence Hall ; hall of residence ; dorm

宿舍环境 dormitory environment ; Hostel

学习生活 Learning life ; Learn to live ; Learning About Life ; Learning how to be

教育部 Ministry of Education

财政部 the Ministry of Finance ; Exchequer ; treasury

印发 print and distribute

吃紧 Be tight ; be critical ; be hard pressed

达标 Compliance ; reach the standard ; qualify ; up to the standard